Individual HW 2 – Confound It All!

Scenario A. A health psychologist is interested in whether a bedtime routine intervention improves sleep quality in college students. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups for two weeks: Follow a structured sleep hygiene routine (e.g., no screens an hour before bed, consistent bedtime, relaxation activity),  follow a modified routine that includes screens (watching a show or using social media before bed), maintain their usual bedtime habits (control). At the end of the study, participants complete a sleep quality questionnaire and wear a sleep tracker to record sleep duration.

Question at position 1

1 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position 

1 What is the independent variable in scenario A? 

Sleep quality

Hours of sleep

The researcher

The participants

Type of bedtime routine

Question at position 2

2 Multiple Choice0.25 points  Question at position

 2 How many levels are there for this IV?

2

1

4

3

Question at position 3

3 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 

3 What type of IV best describes the IV in Scenario A? Explain your reasoning and why you think this type best describes this IV. What type of IV best describes the IV in Scenario A? Explain your reasoning and why you think this type best describes this IV. p

Question at position 4

4 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position

 4 What is the dependent variable in scenario A? 

Regularity of sleep routine

The participants

Sleep quality

The researcher

Type of bedtime routine

Question at position 5

5 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 5 

Provide an operational definition for the dependent variable in scenario A. Some important information that needs to be included in your operational definition includes:

• What is the operational definition of your dv (how do you define it)? 
• How will you record or measure the dv?

Question at position 6

6 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 6 What is a possible extraneous variable for Scenario A (You may list more than one, but you must give at least one!). Explain why you think this is an extraneous in this study. What is a possible extraneous variable for Scenario A (You may list more than one, but you must give at least one!). Explain why you think this is an extraneous in this study. p

Question at position 7

7 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 7 How could the extraneous variable be fixed for Scenario A? Be sure to tell me what technique you are using (constancy, repeated measures, randomization, elimination, or balancing), as well as how you would apply that technique to this specific scenario, and how that would fix this extraneous variable..

Stimulus for question at position: 9

The following text applies to the questions at positions 9Question

Scenario B. A researcher investigates whether payment method impacts how much participants are willing to give to charity. Participants are given $20 and asked to decide how much of this money to donate to a local charity. They are randomly assigned to differnet payment methods: cash, credit card, or mobile payment (e.g., Venmo).

Question at position 8

8 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position 8 What is the independent variable in scenario B? 

Type of charity

The researcher

 Participant income level

Payment method

Amount donated

Question at position 9

9 Multiple Choice0.25 points  Question at position 9 How many levels does this IV have?

3

2

4

1

Question at position 10

10 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position 10 

What type of IV best describes the IV in Scenario B? 

Participant

Physiological

Experience

Stimulus

Question at position 11

11 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position 11 What is the dependent variable in scenario B? 

 Participant income level

Payment method

Type of charity

Amount donated

The researcher

Question at position 12

12 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 12 

Provide an operational definition for the dependent variable in scenario B. Some important information that needs to be included in your operational definition includes:

• What is the operational definition of your dv (how do you define it)? 
• How will you record or measure the dv?

Question at position 13

13 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 13 

What is a possible extraneous variable for Scenario B (you may list more than one, but you must give at least one!). Explain why you think this is an extraneous variable in this study. 

14 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 14 How could the extraneous variable be fixed for Scenario B? Be sure to tell me what technique you are using (constancy, repeated measures, randomization, elimination, or balancing), as well as how you would apply that technique to this specific scenario, and how that would fix this extraneous variable

Stimulus for question at position: 17

The following text applies to the questions at positions 17Question

Scenario C. A social psychologist wants to know if the type of online discussion format affects perceived sense of belonging in a virtual class. Students are randomly assigned to one of three discussion types: text-only forum, video-based discussion, or mixed text-and-video forum. At the end of the semester, students complete a belongingness questionnaire.

Question at position 15

15 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position 15 What is the independent variable in Scenario C?In-class participation

Sense of belonging

Type of discussion format

The course

Student GPA

The professor

Question at position 16

16 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position 16 How many levels does this IV have?

4

1

3

2

Question at position 17

17 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 17 What type of IV best describes this IV?What type of IV best describes this IV?p

Question at position 18

18 Multiple Choice0.5 points  Question at position 18 What is the dependent variable in Scenario C?

Type of discussion format

Sense of belonging

The professor

Student GPA

In-class participation

The course

Question at position 19

19 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 19 

Provide an operational definition for the dependent variable in scenario C. Some important information that needs to be included in your operational definition includes:

• what is the dv (how do you define it)? 
• how will you measure or record the dv?

Question at position 20

20 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 20 

What is a possible extraneous variable for Scenario C (you may list more than one, but you must give at least one!). Explain why you think this is an extraneous variable in this study. 

Question at position 21

21 Essay0.5 points  Question at position 21 How could the extraneous variable be fixed in Scenario C? Be sure to tell me what technique you are using (constancy, repeated measures, randomization, elimination, or balancing), as well as how you would apply that technique to this specific scenario, and how that would fix this extraneous variable.

Stimulus for question at position: 25

The following text applies to the questions at positions 25QuestionWait! Stop! Before you submit, please save your responses to this assignment! you will need your responses to this assignment for future assignments, and you may not have access to your responses after you submit, so it's very important that you save a copy of them for yourself.